September 2011 - Bird-users

Number of arguments to a function
by fredrik danerklint 27 Sep '11

27 Sep '11

I've got an function with more than two arguments. You can define a function with more than two, but you can not call that function, with two or more arguments. Tested with the source code from git in the last hour. diff --git a/filter/test.conf b/filter/test.conf index 4f09637..ef433eb 100644 --- a/filter/test.conf +++ b/filter/test.conf @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ function mkpath(int a; int b) return [= a b 3 2 1 =]; } -function callme(int arg1; int arg2) +function callme(int arg1; int arg2; int arg3) int local1; int local2; int i; @@ -318,6 +318,8 @@ string s; callme ( 4, 4 ); callme ( 7, 2 ); + callme ( 7, 2 , 1); + i = fifteen(); print "Testing function calls: 15 = ", i; The errormessage from bird: bird: test.conf, line 321: Wrong number of arguments for function callme. -- //fredan

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filter on prefixes
by fredrik danerklint 26 Sep '11

26 Sep '11

The following prefixes complains bird about: function testing() prefix set test; { test = [76.10.159.0/18+, 203.228.216.0/20+, 201.229.110.0/22+, 206.98.113.201/29+, 151.185.64.0/16+, 23.15.142.1/23+, 23.15.204.1/22+, 23.15.208.1/20+, 216.89.78.162/29+, 216.89.79.34/27+, 64.243.224.194/27, 64.243.224.225/27+, 64.152.237.0/22+, 208.94.225.0/21+, 65.114.21.0/16+, 12.45.97.80/21+, 216.135.96.101/24+, 205.128.60.0/20+, 64.202.167.0/21+ 205.157.151.224/26+, 24.137.34.0/22+, 66.218.162.0/20+, 41.84.223.0/22+, 91.147.191.0/21+, 118.91.8.0/20+, 46.32.96.120/21+ ]; } Bird gives this message for each of the networks above "Invalid network prefix: 46.32.96.120/21." for example. (well, in this case it might be right). All prefixes taken from routeing database. -- //fredan

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Policy routing with BIRD
by Ondrej Zajicek 23 Sep '11

23 Sep '11

Hello FYI, i wrote an wiki example of using multiple routing tables with BIRD for purposes of policy routing. Comments are welcomed. See https://git.nic.cz/redmine/projects/bird/wiki/Policy_routing -- Elen sila lumenn' omentielvo Ondrej 'SanTiago' Zajicek (email: santiago(a)crfreenet.org) OpenPGP encrypted e-mails preferred (KeyID 0x11DEADC3, wwwkeys.pgp.net) "To err is human -- to blame it on a computer is even more so."

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Problem with multiple routing tables
by schielmann＠poczta.onet.pl 21 Sep '11

21 Sep '11

Hello, I have met some difficulties configuring BIRD with multiple routing tables, so I wanted to check if I don't make any simple mistakes - and that is why i am writing. I am building a system to propagate QoS parameters thru the network. I wanted to implement the EQ-BGP functionality, that is a BGP plus some additional info about the QoS capabilieties of the network. To the BGP Update massages I add special attribute sets, one for each QoS class. And to store the info I need multiple routing tables - that is where the problems started for me. I tried to add 3 routing tables to the system (class1, class2, class3) - i've modified /etc/iproute2/rt_tables adding 3 entries with numbers 1, 2, 3. Then i've changed bird.conf, adding 3 "kernel protocols". I made it the same way it is writen in insrtructions, adding lines "table class1" "kernel table 1", "table class2" "kernel table2", and "table class3" "kernel table3" for each new instance of the "kernel protocol". But this doesn't work. During startup BIRD shows "Table name expected". I found - i think - the problem, which lies in "symbol" definition in file rt-table.c. There is a symbol definition for name "master" but there are no for other names. Additionaly symbol definition requires a config structure, which makes adding this symbols and managing routing tables quite difficult. So that is why I write. Am i doing something wrong with the basic configuration of multiple routing tables in BIRD? I am still looking for an answer, but if there is some quick solution to my problem please do help me ;) Thanks in advance, and thank you very much for a great job you've done with BIRD, Best regards, Michal Schielmann

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very very simple bird.conf
by Virgilio Pavel 21 Sep '11

21 Sep '11

Hello folks, I'm not have experience to work with bird.conf, but I have two questions: 1) How can I do a loopback with my neighbor? 2) How can I configure a static route? They are so basic question, but I'm not find documentation about this. Look my bird.conf --------------------- # Configuração do bird # Turn on global debugging of all protocols #debug protocols all; # Configure logging log syslog { debug, trace, info, remote, warning, error, auth, fatal, bug }; log stderr all; log "/usr/local/bird/log/bird.log" all; # Override router ID router id 189.53.248.214; # Override router ID listen bgp address 189.53.248.214 port 179; # Define a route filter... #filter test_filter { # if net ~ 10.0.0.0/16 then accept; # else reject; #} #filter sink { reject; } #filter okay { accept; } # Define another routing table #table testable; # The direct protocol automatically generates device routes to # all network interfaces. Can exist in as many instances as you wish # if you want to populate multiple routing tables with device routes. #protocol direct { # interface "-eth*", "*"; # Restrict network interfaces it works with #} # This pseudo-protocol performs synchronization between BIRD's routing # tables and the kernel. If your kernel supports multiple routing tables # (as Linux 2.2.x does), you can run multiple instances of the kernel # protocol and synchronize different kernel tables with different BIRD tables. protocol kernel { # learn; # Learn all alien routes from the kernel persist; # Don't remove routes on bird shutdown scan time 20; # Scan kernel routing table every 20 seconds # import none; # Default is import all export all; # Default is export none # kernel table 5; # Kernel table to synchronize with (default: main) } # This pseudo-protocol watches all interface up/down events. protocol device { scan time 10; # Scan interfaces every 10 seconds } # Static routes (again, there can be multiple instances, so that you # can disable/enable various groups of static routes on the fly). protocol static { # disabled; # Disable by default # table testable; # Connect to a non-default table # preference 1000; # Default preference of routes # debug { states, routes, filters, interfaces, events, packets }; # debug all; # route 0.0.0.0/0 via 62.168.0.13; # route 62.168.0.0/25 reject; # route 10.0.0.0/8 reject; # route 10.1.1.0:255.255.255.0 via 62.168.0.3; # route 10.1.2.0:255.255.255.0 via 62.168.0.3; # route 10.1.3.0:255.255.255.0 via 62.168.0.4; # route 10.2.0.0/24 via "arc0"; } protocol bgp { import none; export where proto = "static_bgp"; local as 262774; neighbor 189.53.248.213 as 4230; } --------------------- []'s Virgilio Pavel

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BGP, OpenBSD and password
by fredrik danerklint 19 Sep '11

19 Sep '11

I've asked before regarding this but that was for FreeBSD and that has a utility called 'setkey'. OpenBSD does not. So, how do I do on a OpenBSD machine? Google didn't give an answer to this... -- //fredan

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RE: Problem with multiple routing tables
by schielmann＠poczta.onet.pl 19 Sep '11

19 Sep '11

Hi, I solved the problem - I hadn't defined tables in bird.conf. I just tried adding them in kernel instances. I think it would be usefull to add a line "define table auxtable" in the docs in the kernel chapter (I found it in pipe example). Best regards, Michal Schielmann W dniu 2011-09-19 22:54:27 użytkownik <schielmann(a)poczta.onet.pl> napisał: Hello, I have met some difficulties configuring BIRD with multiple routing tables, so I wanted to check if I don't make any simple mistakes - and that is why i am writing. I am building a system to propagate QoS parameters thru the network. I wanted to implement the EQ-BGP functionality, that is a BGP plus some additional info about the QoS capabilieties of the network. To the BGP Update massages I add special attribute sets, one for each QoS class. And to store the info I need multiple routing tables - that is where the problems started for me. I tried to add 3 routing tables to the system (class1, class2, class3) - i've modified /etc/iproute2/rt_tables adding 3 entries with numbers 1, 2, 3. Then i've changed bird.conf, adding 3 "kernel protocols". I made it the same way it is writen in insrtructions, adding lines "table class1" "kernel table 1", "table class2" "kernel table2", and "table class3" "kernel table3" for each new instance of the "kernel protocol". But this doesn't work. During startup BIRD shows "Table name expected". I found - i think - the problem, which lies in "symbol" definition in file rt-table.c. There is a symbol definition for name "master" but there are no for other names. Additionaly symbol definition requires a config structure, which makes adding this symbols and managing routing tables quite difficult. So that is why I write. Am i doing something wrong with the basic configuration of multiple routing tables in BIRD? I am still looking for an answer, but if there is some quick solution to my problem please do help me ;) Thanks in advance, and thank you very much for a great job you've done with BIRD, Best regards, Michal Schielmann

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Show BGP peer data when session is down?
by Lars-Johan Liman 14 Sep '11

14 Sep '11

If you have an established BGP session, you can find out a lot of the session details using # birdc show protocols all <bgp_proto_id> Specifically, you can look at BGP state: ... Session: ... Neighbor AS: ... Neighbor ID: ... Neighbor address: ... Nexthop address: ... Source address: ... Neighbor caps: ... Route limit: ... Hold timer: ... Keepalive timer: ... Now, if the session is terminated for one reason or another, the info disappears. BGP state: Passive Last error: Received: Administrative shutdown and that's it. This makes it very hard to create scripts that keep an eye on specific peering sessions based on the identity (remote IP address) of the peer, because once the session is down, you can no longer find it, because the IP address is nowhere in the output. :-P Is there a birdc command that shows me BGP session info including the _expected_ peer info, as configured, so I can identify my sessions and keep an eye on them as they come and go? I have mentally explored two alternative ways: a) To code the remote IP into the BGP protocol identifier for that particular session and make my script match on that, or b) to parse the BIRD config file to establish the mapping between a certan BGP protocol identifier and the corresponding remote IP. Both strike me as "suboptimal" ... :-/ If the answer to my question above is "no", please consider this a feature request ... ;-) Cheers, /Liman #---------------------------------------------------------------------- # Lars-Johan Liman, M.Sc. ! E-mail: liman(a)netnod.se # Senior Systems Specialist ! Tel: +46 8 - 562 860 12 # Netnod Internet Exchange, Stockholm ! http://www.netnod.se/ #----------------------------------------------------------------------

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debian/ubuntu init script
by Alex Bligh 14 Sep '11

14 Sep '11

Can I recommend you introduce something like the following patch (taken straight from the ubuntu skeleton file), which will source /etc/default/bird if it is present. This will remove the need for me to fiddle with my /etc/init.d/bird file. Similar considerations presumably apply for the bird6 init file. -- Alex Bligh diff -u etc/init.d/bird{.orig,} --- etc/init.d/bird.orig 2011-05-02 19:33:41.363090697 +0100 +++ etc/init.d/bird 2011-08-18 08:39:01.952013376 +0100 @@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ # Exit if the package is not installed [ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0 +# Read configuration variable file if it is present +[ -r /etc/default/$NAME ] && . /etc/default/$NAME + # Load the VERBOSE setting and other rcS variables . /lib/init/vars.sh

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Bird 1.3.3 - Reserved keywords?
by Michael Vallaly 14 Sep '11

14 Sep '11

Hello, I migrated some of our routers to Bird 1.3.3 yesterday and noticed that I was getting a syntax error in some of our previously working bird 1.3.2 configurations. Seems the word "external" is now a reserved word in 1.3.3? /etc/bird.conf <snip> 6 : 7 : # Configure Additional Routing Tables 8 : table internal; 9 : table external; 10: </snip> The configuration above seems to work fine in 1.3.2, and generates a syntax error on line 9 in bird 1.3.3. Just wanted to make sure this was expected behavior. <snip> birdc show symbols |grep -ci external 0 </snip> Thanks again to all the developers making bird such a great piece of software. -Mike -- Michael Vallaly <bird(a)nolatency.com>

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