November 2019 - Bird-users

Option to not open the server-port (179)
by Lars Ekman G 01 Dec '19

01 Dec '19

Hi, We have a use-case where we want to deploy multiple BIRD instances on the same machine. The BIRD instance would be a part of public applications with their own (virtual) addreesses. These BIRD instances shall announce the application addresses (only) but not set any local routes. The goal is to deploy applications independently of each other. A problem is that BIRD requires that a server port is opened (default 179). While the port is configurable the port numbers must be different for all applications which is hard to do (to assign each application a port is ... undesirable). Another alternative is to have a central BIRD instance and invent some way for applications to communicate their addresses. While this is certainly doable it adds an unwanted complexity, especially for testing. I would like an option to not open the server-port. As an alternative I disabled the check for setting the server port to 0 (any). It is a tiny code change and removes the coordination problem. BIRD will open an ephemeral server port which is of course useless, but we can take the waste of ports. Best Regards, Lars Ekman

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bird bgp_mask/ regex with sets
by Mazur, Dariusz 22 Nov '19

22 Nov '19

Hello Bird users, I am trying to filter routing table entries based on as-path regex ( I try to write regex: 32934 (3|5|7) ) bird> show route all where bgp_path ~ [= 32934 [3,5,7] =] syntax error, unexpected '[' -> I get this error bird> According to documentation I should be able to use sets inside [= =] bgpmask BGP masks are patterns used for BGP path matching (using path ~ [= 2 3 5 * =] syntax). The masks resemble wildcard patterns as used by UNIX shells. Autonomous system numbers match themselves, * matches any (even empty) sequence of arbitrary AS numbers and ? matches one arbitrary AS number. For example, if bgp_path is 4 3 2 1, then: bgp_path ~ [= * 4 3 * =] is true, but bgp_path ~ [= * 4 5 * =] is false. BGP mask expressions can also contain integer expressions enclosed in parenthesis and integer variables, for example [= * 4 (1+2) a =]. You can also use ranges (e.g. [= * 3..5 2 100..200 * =]) and sets (e.g. [= 1 2 [3, 5, 7] * =]). I tried some other options mentioned in documentation and all works, only this one with sets doesn’t work: bird> show route all where bgp_path ~ [= 32934 (4+1) =] -> works bird> show route all where bgp_path ~ [= 32934 1..5 =] -> works Is it possible to use sets, or I faced bug? Thanks, Dariusz

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Problems with compiling bird 2.7 on Debian Squeeze
by Alex D. 19 Nov '19

19 Nov '19

Hi, i tried to compile bird 2.7 on an quite ancient Debian Squeeze. Unfortunately, 'make' throws an error (see below). Yes, I know that i should update the system quite soon... But does anybody know which packages i have to update to compile successfully ? alex@rs:/src/bird-2.0.7# make fatal: Not a git repository (or any of the parent directories): .git MKDIR -p obj/client obj/conf obj/doc obj/filter obj/lib obj/nest obj/test obj/proto/bfd obj/proto/babel obj/proto/bgp obj/proto/mrt obj/proto/ospf obj/proto/perf obj/proto/pipe obj/proto/radv obj/proto/rip obj/proto/static obj/sysdep/linux obj/sysdep/unix obj/doc m4 -P conf/gen_parser.m4 conf/confbase.Y conf/flowspec.Y client/cmds.Y filter/config.Y nest/config.Y proto/bfd/config.Y proto/babel/config.Y proto/bgp/config.Y proto/mrt/config.Y proto/ospf/config.Y proto/perf/config.Y proto/pipe/config.Y proto/radv/config.Y proto/rip/config.Y proto/static/config.Y sysdep/linux/netlink.Y sysdep/unix/config.Y sysdep/unix/krt.Y >obj/conf/cf-parse.y bison -dv -pcf_ -b obj/conf/cf-parse obj/conf/cf-parse.y obj/conf/cf-parse.y: conflicts: 2 shift/reduce m4 -P conf/gen_keywords.m4 conf/confbase.Y conf/flowspec.Y client/cmds.Y filter/config.Y nest/config.Y proto/bfd/config.Y proto/babel/config.Y proto/bgp/config.Y proto/mrt/config.Y proto/ospf/config.Y proto/perf/config.Y proto/pipe/config.Y proto/radv/config.Y proto/rip/config.Y proto/static/config.Y sysdep/linux/netlink.Y sysdep/unix/config.Y sysdep/unix/krt.Y >obj/conf/keywords.h m4 -P conf/gen_commands.m4 conf/confbase.Y conf/flowspec.Y client/cmds.Y filter/config.Y nest/config.Y proto/bfd/config.Y proto/babel/config.Y proto/bgp/config.Y proto/mrt/config.Y proto/ospf/config.Y proto/perf/config.Y proto/pipe/config.Y proto/radv/config.Y proto/rip/config.Y proto/static/config.Y sysdep/linux/netlink.Y sysdep/unix/config.Y sysdep/unix/krt.Y >obj/conf/commands.h m4 -DTARGET=I -P filter/decl.m4 filter/f-inst.c obj/.dir-stamp >obj/filter/inst-interpret.c m4 -DTARGET=H -P filter/decl.m4 filter/f-inst.c obj/.dir-stamp >obj/filter/inst-gen.h echo >obj/sysdep/paths.h "/* Generated by Makefile, don't edit manually! */" echo >>obj/sysdep/paths.h "#define PATH_CONFIG_FILE \"/opt/bird-2.0.7/etc/bird.conf\"" echo >>obj/sysdep/paths.h "#define PATH_CONTROL_SOCKET \"/opt/bird-2.0.7/var/run/bird.ctl\"" if test -n "/etc/iproute2" ; then echo >>obj/sysdep/paths.h "#define PATH_IPROUTE_DIR \"/etc/iproute2\"" ; fi CC -o obj/conf/cf-parse.tab.o -c obj/conf/cf-parse.tab.c obj/conf/cf-parse.y: In function 'cf_parse': obj/conf/cf-parse.y:1926: error: unknown field 'asn' specified in initializer obj/conf/cf-parse.y:1926: warning: missing braces around initializer obj/conf/cf-parse.y:1926: warning: (near initialization for '(anonymous).val.pmi.<anonymous>') obj/conf/cf-parse.y:1927: error: unknown field 'from' specified in initializer obj/conf/cf-parse.y:1927: warning: missing braces around initializer obj/conf/cf-parse.y:1927: warning: (near initialization for '(anonymous).val.pmi.<anonymous>') obj/conf/cf-parse.y:1927: error: unknown field 'to' specified in initializer obj/conf/cf-parse.y:1927: warning: initialized field overwritten obj/conf/cf-parse.y:1927: warning: (near initialization for '(anonymous).val.pmi.kind') obj/conf/cf-parse.y:1930: error: unknown field 'set' specified in initializer obj/conf/cf-parse.y:1930: warning: missing braces around initializer obj/conf/cf-parse.y:1930: warning: (near initialization for '(anonymous).val.pmi.<anonymous>') obj/conf/cf-parse.y:1930: warning: initialization makes integer from pointer without a cast obj/conf/cf-parse.y:2184: error: unknown field 'sym' specified in initializer obj/conf/cf-parse.y:2184: warning: missing braces around initializer obj/conf/cf-parse.y:2184: warning: (near initialization for '(anonymous).<anonymous>') obj/conf/cf-parse.y:2186: error: unknown field 'sa' specified in initializer obj/conf/cf-parse.y:2186: warning: missing braces around initializer obj/conf/cf-parse.y:2186: warning: (near initialization for '(anonymous).<anonymous>') obj/conf/cf-parse.y:2186: error: incompatible types when initializing type 'struct symbol *' using type 'struct f_static_attr' obj/conf/cf-parse.y:2187: error: unknown field 'da' specified in initializer obj/conf/cf-parse.y:2187: warning: missing braces around initializer obj/conf/cf-parse.y:2187: warning: (near initialization for '(anonymous).<anonymous>') obj/conf/cf-parse.y:2187: error: incompatible types when initializing type 'struct symbol *' using type 'struct f_dynamic_attr' make: *** [obj/conf/cf-parse.tab.o] Error 1 Thanks in advance. Regards, Alex

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IPv6 Flowspec isn't displayed correctly with "show route"
by Alex D. 18 Nov '19

18 Nov '19

Hello, i have a problem when i try to get infos about a specific IPv6 FlowSpec route by issuing "show route <route>" or "show route <route> all". It works, when i don't specify a particular route: bird> show route ~ ~ Table flowspec_table_v6: flow6 { dst 2a02:5a0:1212:1212::199/128; src 2a02:3f8::1/128; dport 389; } [flowspec_v6 2019-11-08] * (200) flow6 { dst 2a02:5a0:15ff:3::1/128; src ::/0; next header 58; } [vs_dis_r1_6838 23:46:47.465 from 172.28.18.113] * (100) [AS9063i] bird> ... and it also works when i specify a route which is imported in BGP from a local static route: bird> show route flow6 { dst 2a02:5a0:1212:1212::199/128; src 2a02:3f8::1/128; dport 389; } Table flowspec_table_v6: flow6 { dst 2a02:5a0:1212:1212::199/128; src 2a02:3f8::1/128; dport 389; } [flowspec_v6 2019-11-08] * (200) bird> show route flow6 { dst 2a02:5a0:1212:1212::199/128; src 2a02:3f8::1/128; dport 389; } all Table flowspec_table_v6: flow6 { dst 2a02:5a0:1212:1212::199/128; src 2a02:3f8::1/128; dport 389; } [flowspec_v6 2019-11-08] * (200) Type: static univ BGP.ext_community: (generic, 0x80060000, 0x0) bird> But when I try to show a route received via eBGP, output wrongly states that the network could ne be found: bird> show route flow6 { dst 2a02:5a0:15ff:3::1/128; src ::/0; next header 58; } Network not found bird> bird> show route flow6 { dst 2a02:5a0:15ff:3::1/128; src ::/0; next header 58; } all Network not found bird> I tried BIRD versions 2.2, 2.4 and 2.7. I could reproduce the issue in all versions. With IPv4 Flowspec, all output (for local static as well as eBGP-learned) is fine. Does anybody noticed the same behaviour ? Or is it a known bug ? If you need further informations, don't hesitate to ask for it. Thanks in advance for your replies. Regards, Alex

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Changing ECMP weight on OSPF routes with an ingress filter
by Alarig Le Lay 18 Nov '19

18 Nov '19

Hi, I have a setup with some routers: +----------------+ +----------------+ +---------------+ | close router 1 | | close router 2 | | far router | | 45.91.126.233 | | 45.91.126.236 | | 45.91.126.235 | +----------------+ +----------------+ +---------------+ \ | / | \ +-------------+/ +---------------+ \| core router | | other routers | +-------------+ +---------------+ Each edge router announces a default to my core router, and I have ECMP to balance the traffic. bird> show route all 0.0.0.0/0 Table master4: 0.0.0.0/0 unicast [ospf_ipv4 12:15:31.798] I (150/30) [89.234.186.31] via 45.91.126.233 on tinc0 weight 1 via 45.91.126.235 on tinc0 weight 1 via 45.91.126.236 on tinc0 weight 1 Type: OSPF univ I tried to change ecmp_weight on the ospf import filter matching the router ID, but I have this message: “/etc/bird.conf:81:22 Symbol `ecmp_weight' is read-only.” I don’t want to change the weight on the far router as there are other routers to have their default on 45.91.126.233 and 45.91.126.236. I can’t change the cost on the link as it’s the same L2 viewed from the core router. Is there a simple mean to achieve this or is it a better idea to switch to BGP? Thanks, -- Alarig

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set bgp communities
by Twana Othman 18 Nov '19

18 Nov '19

Hello Friends, I have some prefixes to export to my BGP peer and I want to set a communities when I am sending them. So, can you instruct me the syntax of how to sent this community (100:12) to my prefixes ? please |Thanks in advance

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OSPF/BFD reaction time under 1 second
by Patrik Rehuš 18 Nov '19

18 Nov '19

Hello, In my topology I have 2 parallel connections from one host to the same destination. The goal is to switch route to another one under 1 second (in case of broken link). For this I used OSPF with BFD. BFD use 40ms interval and multiplier is 5, so theoretical switching time to another link should be 200ms. In the measurements I find out that sometimes it is OK but sometimes it takes approximately 1 second longer (based on Wireshark it takes approx. 1,2s to switch). I think that it is due to tick parameter in OSPF settings, because base on the documentation „The routing table calculation and clean-up of areas' databases is not performed when a single link state change arrives. To lower the CPU utilization, it's processed later at periodical intervals of num seconds. The default value is 1“. So, in my case I think that this feature destroys ability of BFD to switch link under 1 second. Is it correct? If yes, is it possible to set lower value than 1 second or completely disable this feature? Thank you for your help. With best regards, Patrik Rehus

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Multi protocol route handling (IPv4 via IPv6)
by Nico Schottelius 18 Nov '19

18 Nov '19

Hello, I have setup an MP-BGP with 2 bird instances and my aim is to route IPv4 via IPv6, like cumulus is doing it. Currently I receive the IPv4 and IPv6 routes via the IPv6 session, as follows: 58.69.253.0/24 unicast [router2_place5_ungleich_ch_v6 18:11:21.625] ! (100) [AS36776i] via 2a0a:e5c0:1:8::4 on bond0.8 23.211.0.0/22 unicast [router2_place5_ungleich_ch_v6 18:11:21.625] ! (100) [AS16625i] via 2a0a:e5c0:1:8::4 on bond0.8 ... However bird seems not to add the routes into the kernel. Testing it manually, I also get an error message: router3:~# ip route add 185.50.77.0/24 via inet6 2a0a:e5c0:1:8::4 RTNETLINK answers: Invalid argument router3:~# uname -a Linux router3 4.19.75-0-vanilla #1-Alpine SMP Mon Sep 23 12:27:20 UTC 2019 x86_64 GNU/Linux router3:~# However using a different test system, it potentially works: [root@diamond ~]# ip route add 185.12.3.0/24 via inet6 2a0a:e5c1:137::136 [root@diamond ~]# uname -a Linux diamond 5.3.8-arch1-1 #1 SMP PREEMPT @1572357769 x86_64 GNU/Linux [root@diamond ~]# Now my question regarding bird: If the kernel / i route actually supports it (as seen in the 2nd system), should bird2 be able to install the IPv4 routes via IPv6 or not? According to the documentation RFC5549 is supported, but as far as I can see that does not state whether or not the interface to the kernel needs to be supported as well. I have also just installed and tested bird 2.0.7 on the system with the 5.3.8 kernel and bird also does not setup the ipv4 route via ipv6: [root@diamond ~]# birdc show route BIRD 2.0.7 ready. Table master4: 10.11.0.0/24 unicast [static4 19:50:31.005] * (200) via 192.168.43.1 on wlp0s20f3 10.10.0.0/24 unicast [static4 19:50:31.005] ! (200) via 2a0a:e5c1:137::136 on wgungleich Table master6: 2001:db8::/32 unicast [static6 19:50:31.005] * (200) via 2a0a:e5c1:137::136 on wgungleich [root@diamond ~]# ip r default via 192.168.43.104 dev wlp0s20f3 proto dhcp src 192.168.43.38 metric 302 10.11.0.0/24 via 192.168.43.1 dev wlp0s20f3 proto bird metric 32 192.168.43.0/24 dev wlp0s20f3 proto dhcp scope link src 192.168.43.38 metric 302 [root@diamond ~]# cat /etc/bird.conf router id 192.168.1.1; protocol kernel kernel4 { ipv4 { import all; export all; }; } protocol kernel kernel6 { ipv6 { import all; export all; }; } protocol static static4 { ipv4; # this doesn't work route 10.10.0.0/24 via 2a0a:e5c1:137::136; # this works route 10.11.0.0/24 via 192.168.43.1; } protocol static static6 { ipv6; route 2001:db8::/32 via 2a0a:e5c1:137::136; } protocol device { scan time 10; } [root@diamond ~]# If I read https://bird.network.cz/pipermail/bird-users/2019-March/013144.html correctly, the exclamation mark in the route output means it had a problem pushing it into the kernel. However doing it manually, works as expected: [root@diamond ~]# ip route add 10.10.0.0/24 via inet6 2a0a:e5c1:137::136 [root@diamond ~]# ip r default via 192.168.43.104 dev wlp0s20f3 proto dhcp src 192.168.43.38 metric 302 10.10.0.0/24 via inet6 2a0a:e5c1:137::136 dev wgungleich 10.11.0.0/24 via 192.168.43.1 dev wlp0s20f3 proto bird metric 32 192.168.43.0/24 dev wlp0s20f3 proto dhcp scope link src 192.168.43.38 metric 302 [root@diamond ~]# Sorry for the long mail, I hope it is understandable what I am trying to achieve. Best, Nico -- Modern, affordable, Swiss Virtual Machines. Visit www.datacenterlight.ch

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(no subject)
by Tiemen Ruiten 17 Nov '19

17 Nov '19

Hello I'm a first time Bird user. I'm trying to route a Vultr floating IP to an instance and the BGP session shows as established, but there are no routes: /etc/bird.conf: log "/var/log/bird" all; debug protocols all; router id 95.179.136.70; protocol device { scan time 60; } protocol direct { interface "dummy0"; } protocol bgp vultr { local as 64552; source address 95.179.136.70; neighbor 169.254.169.254 as 64515; ipv4 { next hop self; import none; export all; }; multihop 2; password "XXXXXXXXXXXX"; } ip config: [root@vultr-vm ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 56:00:02:6a:51:a0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 95.179.136.70/23 brd 95.179.137.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens3 valid_lft 61854sec preferred_lft 61854sec inet6 fe80::5400:2ff:fe6a:51a0/64 scope link noprefixroute valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: ens7: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc fq state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 5a:00:02:6a:51:a0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.7.96.4/16 brd 10.7.255.255 scope global noprefixroute ens7 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::5800:2ff:fe6a:51a0/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 4: dummy0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/ether 8e:74:ee:f1:97:70 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 209.250.247.219/32 scope global dummy0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::8c74:eeff:fef1:9770/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@vultr-vm ~]# ip r default via 95.179.136.1 dev ens3 proto dhcp metric 100 10.7.0.0/16 dev ens7 proto kernel scope link src 10.7.96.4 metric 101 95.179.136.0/23 dev ens3 proto kernel scope link src 95.179.136.70 metric 100 169.254.169.254 via 95.179.136.1 dev ens3 proto dhcp metric 100 "birdc show route": BIRD 2.0.7 ready. "birdc show proto all vultr" BIRD 2.0.7 ready. Name Proto Table State Since Info vultr BGP --- up 18:52:49.401 Established BGP state: Established Neighbor address: 169.254.169.254 Neighbor AS: 64515 Local AS: 64552 Neighbor ID: 45.76.40.53 Local capabilities Multiprotocol AF announced: ipv4 Route refresh Graceful restart 4-octet AS numbers Enhanced refresh Long-lived graceful restart Neighbor capabilities Multiprotocol AF announced: ipv4 Route refresh Graceful restart 4-octet AS numbers ADD-PATH RX: ipv4 TX: Session: external multihop AS4 Source address: 95.179.136.70 Hold timer: 111.091/180 Keepalive timer: 12.978/60 Channel ipv4 State: UP Table: master4 Preference: 100 Input filter: REJECT Output filter: ACCEPT Routes: 0 imported, 0 exported, 0 preferred Route change stats: received rejected filtered ignored accepted Import updates: 0 0 0 0 0 Import withdraws: 0 0 --- 0 0 Export updates: 0 0 0 --- 0 Export withdraws: 0 --- --- --- 0 BGP Next hop: 95.179.136.70 IGP IPv4 table: master4 /var/log/bird: 2019-11-16 11:05:28.055 <TRACE> device1: Initializing 2019-11-16 11:05:28.055 <TRACE> direct1: Initializing 2019-11-16 11:05:28.055 <TRACE> vultr: Channel ipv4 connected to table master4 2019-11-16 11:05:28.055 <TRACE> vultr: Initializing 2019-11-16 11:05:28.055 <TRACE> device1: Starting 2019-11-16 11:05:28.055 <TRACE> device1: Scanning interfaces 2019-11-16 11:05:28.055 <TRACE> device1: State changed to up 2019-11-16 11:05:28.055 <TRACE> direct1: Starting 2019-11-16 11:05:28.055 <TRACE> direct1: State changed to up 2019-11-16 11:05:28.055 <TRACE> vultr: Starting 2019-11-16 11:05:28.055 <TRACE> vultr: State changed to start 2019-11-16 11:05:28.055 <INFO> Started 2019-11-16 11:05:28.065 <TRACE> direct1 < interface lo goes up 2019-11-16 11:05:28.065 <TRACE> direct1 < address 127.0.0.0/8 on interface lo added 2019-11-16 11:05:28.065 <TRACE> direct1 < address ::1/128 on interface lo added 2019-11-16 11:05:28.065 <TRACE> direct1 < interface ens3 goes up 2019-11-16 11:05:28.065 <TRACE> direct1 < address 95.179.136.0/23 on interface ens3 added 2019-11-16 11:05:28.065 <TRACE> direct1 < address fe80::/64 on interface ens3 added 2019-11-16 11:05:28.065 <TRACE> direct1 < interface ens7 goes up 2019-11-16 11:05:28.065 <TRACE> direct1 < address 10.7.0.0/16 on interface ens7 added 2019-11-16 11:05:28.065 <TRACE> direct1 < address fe80::/64 on interface ens7 added 2019-11-16 11:05:28.065 <TRACE> direct1 < interface dummy0 goes up 2019-11-16 11:05:28.065 <TRACE> direct1 < address 209.250.247.219/32 on interface dummy0 added 2019-11-16 11:05:28.065 <TRACE> direct1 < address fe80::/64 on interface dummy0 added 2019-11-16 11:05:28.065 <TRACE> vultr: Started 2019-11-16 11:05:28.065 <TRACE> vultr: Connect delayed by 5 seconds 2019-11-16 11:05:30.408 <TRACE> vultr: Incoming connection from 169.254.169.254 (port 46411) accepted 2019-11-16 11:05:30.408 <TRACE> vultr: Sending OPEN(ver=4,as=64552,hold=240,id=5fb38846) 2019-11-16 11:05:30.409 <TRACE> vultr: Got OPEN(as=64515,hold=180,id=45.76.40.53) 2019-11-16 11:05:30.409 <TRACE> vultr: Sending KEEPALIVE 2019-11-16 11:05:30.409 <TRACE> vultr: Got KEEPALIVE 2019-11-16 11:05:30.409 <TRACE> vultr: BGP session established 2019-11-16 11:05:30.409 <TRACE> vultr: State changed to up 2019-11-16 11:05:30.409 <TRACE> vultr: Sending END-OF-RIB 2019-11-16 11:05:32.432 <TRACE> vultr: Got UPDATE 2019-11-16 11:05:32.432 <TRACE> vultr: Got END-OF-RIB 2019-11-16 11:06:28.057 <TRACE> device1: Scanning interfaces 2019-11-16 11:06:30.025 <TRACE> vultr: Sending KEEPALIVE 2019-11-16 11:06:30.410 <TRACE> vultr: Got KEEPALIVE What am I missing? -- Tiemen Ruiten Infrastructure Engineer

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Increasing bgp_local_pref fails
by Benedikt Neuffer 13 Nov '19

13 Nov '19

Hello, I am trying to increase the MED attribute in an export filter: bgp_med = bgp_med + 100; This action fails with the following error messages: 2019-11-12 22:54:54.522 <ERR> filters, line 18: Argument 1 of instruction FI_ADD must be of type T_INT, got 0x00 I have tested bird 2.0.4 and 2.0.7. The issue occurs in both versions. I am using gentoo with gcc 9.2.0. Am I missing something or is this a bug? Regards, Bene -- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Steinbuch Centre for Computing (SCC) Benedikt Neuffer Netze und Telekommunikation (NET) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 Gebäude 442 Raum 185 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Telefon: +49 721 608-24502 Fax: +49 721 608-47763 E-Mail: benedikt.neuffer(a)kit.edu Web: https://www.scc.kit.edu Sitz der Körperschaft: Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe KIT – Die Forschungsuniversität in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Signaturversion: 19.1.0 beta

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