- Bird-users - Mailing Lists

Question Regarding Extracting BGP RIB and FIB data from BIRD
by Ali Monfared 24 Jun '21

24 Jun '21

Hello BIRD team, We have recently started to use BIRD in an internal project as a router server which is expected to perform most of the regular operations that our BGP routers do. On that note, we are looking for best practices to extract the RIB and FIB BGP routes from the BIRD server. We have noticed that most of the BGP attributes for any route that is sent to the BIRD server is available inside the logs of the BIRD server but was wondering if there are better ways or best practices that you would suggest if we want to have a way to extract each BGP route that is received in the BIRD server ( so that we can later send it to internal databases for further analysis ) Bests Ali

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RFC: Separate import/export tables
by Asbjørn Sloth Tønnesen 24 Jun '21

24 Jun '21

Hi, We have an internet router setup where we have a few customer connections, and hundreds of peering sessions. A lot of CPU time is wasted running the export filters over the entire internet routing table per peer, in order to find the relatively few prefixes to actually export. I know we could try to work around it, by having a complicated system of tables and pipes, like one table per peer per family. However I would prefer to keep things simple, so if I could just keep a small table containing the few prefixes that are likely to match the export filter, and use that as export table, while still importing prefixes from peers into the master table. Since BGP already has "(import|export) table <switch>", then maybe "table [import|export] <table>" could work. Before I try to implement this, are there any support/comments/ objections to this approach? -- Best regards Asbjørn Sloth Tønnesen

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Importing (and then exporting) stubnet routes
by George Ross 24 Jun '21

24 Jun '21

I'm sure I've seen something like this discussed recently, but I can't find it in the mailing list archives, so apologies if I'm duplicating something. Router A defines some OSPF stubnets. Those are happily propagated to our other OSPF routers. What I can't get to work, though, is to import them from OSPF into BIRD, so that I can then export them to BGP, even using "all" as the import filter. I can add them as direct routes and then export those, but that somehow doesn't feel right. And on router B I can import them from OSPF and then export from there, but then we would end up with asymmetric paths which would break connection-tracking. Suggestions, pointers, explanations gratefully received! Thanks. 2.0.8, in case it matters. -- George D M Ross MSc PhD CEng MBCS CITP University of Edinburgh, School of Informatics, Appleton Tower, 11 Crichton Street, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH8 9LE Mail: gdmr(a)inf.ed.ac.uk Voice: 0131 650 5147 PGP: 1024D/AD758CC5 B91E D430 1E0D 5883 EF6A 426C B676 5C2B AD75 8CC5 The University of Edinburgh is a charitable body, registered in Scotland, with registration number SC005336.

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BGP with BIRD2 and MikroTik CCR1072-1G-8S+
by Kees Meijs | Nefos 21 Jun '21

21 Jun '21

Hi list, I'm configuring a MikroTik CCR1072-1G-8S+ router (6.47.10) and BIRD2 (2.0.7) to do BGP. The initial configuration is was very simple: > protocol bgp downstream { > local REDACTED as REDACTED; > neighbor REDACTED as REDACTED; > > hold time 30; > keepalive time 60; > } And: > 0 ;;; Upstream IPv4 transit > name="bgp0" instance=default remote-address=REDACTED > remote-as=REDACTED tcp-md5-key="" nexthop-choice=default multihop=no > route-reflect=no hold-time=30s keepalive-time=1m ttl=255 in-filter="" > out-filter="" address-families=ip update-source=REDACTED > default-originate=never remove-private-as=no as-override=no passive=no > use-bfd=no I got messages such as *Error: Required capability missing* so enabled debugging on both ends. Debugging showed (MikroTik's end): > 06:10:33 route,bgp,debug Unsupported capability received, code: 64 > 06:10:33 route,bgp,debug Unsupported capability received, code: 70 > 06:10:33 route,bgp,debug Unsupported capability received, code: 71 So I added to the configuration (hopefully the right switches): > graceful restart off; > enable route refresh off; > long lived graceful restart off; Unfortunately it's still not working. Debugging (BIRD2's end) is showing: > Jun 18 09:51:16 router bird: downstream: Connected > Jun 18 09:51:16 router bird: downstream: Sending > OPEN(*ver=4*,as=REDACTED,hold=30,id=5914a2f9) > Jun 18 09:51:16 router bird: downstream: Got > OPEN(as=23456,hold=30,id=185.173.132.2) > Jun 18 09:51:16 router bird: downstream: Error: Required capability > missing > Jun 18 09:51:16 router bird: downstream: State changed to stop > Jun 18 09:51:16 router bird: downstream: Sending NOTIFICATION(code=2.7) > Jun 18 09:51:16 router bird: downstream: Down I suspected the ver=4 is the problem so I've added: > advertise ipv4 off; But alas, BIRD2 is now complaining: > Reading configuration from /etc/bird/bird.conf > /etc/bird/bird.conf:217:2 syntax error, unexpected ADVERTISE Please advice what to do. I'm afraid I'm a little stuck. Thanks! Cheers, Kees -- https://nefos.nl/contact <https://nefos.nl/contact> Nefos IT bv Ambachtsweg 25 (industrienummer 4217) 5627 BZ Eindhoven Nederland KvK 66494931 /Bereikbaar op maandag, dinsdag, woensdag en vrijdag tussen 09:00u en 17:00u./

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Changing OSPF attributes in pipe filter - Bug?
by Paul Donohue 15 Jun '21

15 Jun '21

I'm importing BGP and OSPF routes from several interfaces, and I would like to use the OSPF metrics as-is on the local router. However, I'm exporting these routes via OSPF on several other interfaces, and I'd like to selectively override the OSPF metric on some (but not all) of the routes before performing route selection and exporting them via OSPF on the other interfaces. Having successfully done similar things in the past with bird, I expected I should be able to do this in a pipe filter: protocol pipe master_to_adjusted { table master; peer table adjusted; export filter { if ! defined(ospf_metric1) then accept; if true then ospf_metric1 = ospf_metric1 + 1000; accept; }; } However, that isn't working; ospf_metric1 is not changing. If I use the same filter as an import filter in "protocol ospf" instance, it works fine (except that I don't want the metric changed there, since I don't want this affecting route selection on the local router). If I set a different attribute that doesn't already exist (eg. ospf_metric2 or ospf_tag) in the pipe filter, it works fine. If I set ospf_tag in the "protocol ospf" filter, then try to change it in the pipe filter, the change does not work. If I "unset(ospf_metric1);" in the pipe filter then the routes are silently rejected. I don't have the same problem with BGP routes. For example, "bgp_path.prepend(123);" in the pipe filter works as expected. Similarly, setting ospf_metric1 on a BGP route in the "protocol ospf" filter, then changing it in the pipe filter works as expected. I'm running bird 2.0.7 (installed via the distro package on Ubuntu 18.04) - I have not tested with 2.0.8. Am I doing something wrong, or is this a bug? Thanks! -Paul

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overriding static routes in FreeBSD
by Kajetan Staszkiewicz 15 Jun '21

15 Jun '21

Hello group, I'm running BIRD on FreeBSD and I came across a problem with overriding static routes created outside of BIRD. The situation is that for installation of the operating system (contacting repositories, Puppet and some other services) system needs to have a static default gateway but once the system is fully installed it runs BIRD and talks BGP to core routers. Default routes are created with the usual FreeBSD method: [9:08:14] hwlb-awtest-01 ~/ # cat /etc/rc.conf.d/routing defaultrouter="1.2.3.4" ipv6_defaultrouter="a::f" Routes are created with UGS flags: [9:11:17] hwlb-awtest-01 ~/ # netstat -rn | grep default default 1.2.3.4 UGS public default a::f UGS public Once BIRD is started the log gets full of those messages: Jun 15 08:57:32 hwlb-awtest-01.ndco.ig.local bird[2216] KRT: Error sending route 0.0.0.0/0 to kernel: File exists Jun 15 08:57:50 hwlb-awtest-01.ndco.ig.local bird6[2213] KRT: Error sending route ::/0 to kernel: File exists I've looked at BIRD's source and I understand that BIRD replaces routes using krt_replace_rte and krt_send_route, and that all routes managed by BIRD have RTF_UP | RTF_PROTO1 flags. Those are not the flags created by `route add` on FreeBSD by default. However if I make default routes with those flags via `route add default 1.2.3.4 -proto1 -nostatic`, BIRD will happily replace them. Kernel protocol is configured with "learn" option. Is this a bug? Or should I just adjust the static routes to be BIRD-compatible? -- | pozdrawiam / greetings | Powered by macOS, Debian and FreeBSD | | Kajetan Staszkiewicz | www: http://vegeta.tuxpowered.net | `------------------------^--------------------------------------'

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[BMP] BIRD socket best practice
by Maslanka, Pawel 14 Jun '21

14 Jun '21

Hi BIRD team! We found a case when BMP code is trying to connect with BMP collector service with sk_open(), this causes increasing CPU utilization. To reproduce this case, you have just: 1. Server machine where BMP PDU packets will be sent, should be reachable (so it can be pinged). 2. BMP collector service itself should not be running on this server. 3. Run BIRD with enabled BMP protocol. After that you should observe that BIRD process has significantly increased CPU utilization. This is related somehow with “BIRD socket” because when I capture network traffic on host machine (where BIRD is running), I can see massive amount of TCP packets which are exchange between BIRD host machine and BMP collector machine. At the moment socket type related with BMP connection is SK_TCP_ACTIVE. Do you have any idea what is going wrong or how BIRD socket should be properly use? As a temporary fix, I have provided patch allows to avoid this issue but it is very ugly hack because it frees BIRD socket outside of IO code (sk_free()) and initialize again socket again every time when ECONNREFUSED error is passing to err_hook callback. I need also a tip if there is a way to get notification from BIRD socket if we lost connection with BMP collector service? One option is to check if sk_send() failed but what in situation when there are no updates to send by longer time and I would like to get a notification ASAP when I lost connection with BMP collector service. Is this possible with current BIRD implementation or I should to add some timer's callback which will check somehow if BMP collector service is alive? This mechanism is needed for me to synchronize/re-send all BMP data to the collector. Currently we have switched to BMP code provided on bmp branch from gitlab BIRD repo. Additionally I have a question referring to enclosed code. Can I free list node and node data itself when sk_send() returns value greater or equal to 0 (>= 0), like in the below code? WALK_LIST_DELSAFE(tx_data, tx_data_next, p->tx_queue) { ... rv = sk_send(p->sk, data_size); if (rv < 0) { return; } mb_free(tx_data->data); rem_node((node *) tx_data); mb_free(tx_data); if (rv == 0) { return; } ... Or I should to do that only if sk_send() return value greater than 0 (> 0) ? My goal is sending all data from list if there was only "temporary" problem with sk_send(). Thanks, ---- Pawel Maslanka Senior Software Engineer [signature_1256476543] Office: +1.617.444.1234 Cell: +1.617.444.1234 Akamai Technologies 150 Broadway Cambridge, MA 02142 Connect with Us: [signature_580743884]<https://community.akamai.com/> [signature_1866338322] <http://blogs.akamai.com/> [signature_2113959087] <https://twitter.com/akamai> [signature_447607273] <http://www.facebook.com/AkamaiTechnologies> [signature_1901210113] <http://www.linkedin.com/company/akamai-technologies> [signature_1973184621] <http://www.youtube.com/user/akamaitechnologies?feature=results_main>

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Debugging named function filters properly
by Skyler Mäntysaari 14 Jun '21

14 Jun '21

Hi there, How does one debug filters properly as I'm getting lots of: 2021-06-12 09:02:35 <ERR> filters, line 82: Argument 1 of instruction FI_CONDITION must be of type T_BOOL, got 0x00 2021-06-12 09:02:35 <ERR> filters, line 452: Argument 1 of instruction FI_CONDITION must be of type T_BOOL, got 0x00 in logs, but I need it to say which function that is or even file, so how would I debug this properly? Just "debug { filters; }" doesn't help much. I'm using Bird 2.0.7 at the moment.

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[PATCH v4 0/8] Add MAC authentication support to the Babel protocol
by Toke Høiland-Jørgensen 11 Jun '21

11 Jun '21

This series adds MAC authentication support to the Babel protocol as specified in in RFC8967: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8967 I have performed basic interoperability testing between this implementation and the current babeld HMAC implementation[1]. The two implementations were able to successfully exchange authenticated messages with both HMAC-256 and Blake2s-256 keys. Given the above, and the fact that the RFC was finally published at the the IETF, I believe this series is ready for merging (subject to review, of course). For those wanting to test the code, a version of Bird with this series applied is available on Github[2] for easy consumption. [1] https://github.com/jech/babeld/pull/52 [2] https://github.com/tohojo/bird/tree/babel-mac-04 Changelog: v4: - Update RFC references to the published RFC numbers (for both MAC and Babel itself). - Rework WALK_TLVS macro to not cast initial argument, and not use goto for framing errors. - Change MAC validation logic to just let algorithms specify min/max len and enforce full key size length even for the smaller-output variants of Blake2. v3: - Add variants with smaller digest sizes for blake2s and blake2b. - Rebase on current master v2: - Don't reinvent AC_CHECK_FUNCS() for configure - Make sure random_bytes() never fails (without taking the whole daemon with it) - Use existing endianness defines in blake2s code - Just leave MAC-related code in babel.c/packets.c instead of adding a new file - Add blake2s test vectors (new patch 3) - Support supplying mac keys as raw hexadecimal bytes and allow algorithms to validate keys on configure (new patches 4-5) v1: - Add wrapper function to bird sysdep code to pick a suitable source of random bytes - Import reference Blake2 implementations into lib/ - Rename function names and data structures to use an auth_ prefix instead of hmac_ - Perform a separate authentication pass before parsing the packet, and move the authentication-related code to its own source file - Enforce key length recommendation from the specification - Add a 'permissive' configuration mode where outgoing packets are signed but incoming packets are accepted even though they fail authentication - Add user documentation for the authentication configuration, and function docstrings to the main authentication functions - Fix a bunch of nits and code style issues --- Toke Høiland-Jørgensen (8): sysdep: Add wrapper to get random bytes nest: Add Blake2s and Blake2b hash functions mac_test: Add tests for blake2s and blake2b nest: Allow specifying security keys as hex bytes as well as strings config: Allow MAC algorithms to specify a function to validate their keys babel: Refactor TLV parsing code for easier reuse babel: Add MAC authentication support babel: Update RFC references to new standards track RFC8966 conf/cf-lex.l | 31 + conf/conf.h | 5 + conf/confbase.Y | 2 + doc/bird.sgml | 49 +- lib/Makefile | 2 +- lib/blake2-impl.h | 160 ++ lib/blake2-kat.h | 4111 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ lib/blake2-ref.h | 112 ++ lib/blake2.c | 48 + lib/blake2.h | 65 + lib/blake2b-ref.c | 270 +++ lib/blake2s-ref.c | 263 +++ lib/mac.c | 35 +- lib/mac.h | 11 + lib/mac_test.c | 91 + lib/string.h | 1 + lib/strtoul.c | 27 + nest/config.Y | 54 +- nest/password.c | 6 + nest/password.h | 1 + proto/babel/Makefile | 2 +- proto/babel/babel.c | 162 +- proto/babel/babel.h | 66 +- proto/babel/config.Y | 42 +- proto/babel/packets.c | 667 ++++++- 25 files changed, 6164 insertions(+), 119 deletions(-) create mode 100644 lib/blake2-impl.h create mode 100644 lib/blake2-kat.h create mode 100644 lib/blake2-ref.h create mode 100644 lib/blake2.c create mode 100644 lib/blake2.h create mode 100644 lib/blake2b-ref.c create mode 100644 lib/blake2s-ref.c

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Bird 1.6: OSPF reference bandwidth?
by Cybertinus 08 Jun '21

08 Jun '21

Hello all, I maintain a network with 4 Bird 1.6 routers in it. The 4 routers are connected in a square like this: +-------+ +-------+ | | | | | dc1-1 +--------+ dc2-1 | | | | | +---+---+ +---+---+ | | | | | | +---+---+ +---+---+ | | | | | dc1-2 +--------+ dc2-2 | | | | | +-------+ +-------+ Each link participates in OSPF Area 0. Until last weekend all links were 1 gbit/sec, and all was fine and OSPF did it's thing. Last weekend we upgraded the top link (between dc1-1 and dcg2-1) to 10 gbit/sec, the other 3 links are still 1 gbit/sec. OSPF should take this increased bandwidth into account. But it can only do that if the reference bandwidth is configured correctly. To what is the reference bandwidth set in Bird 1.6 and how can I tweak this? I've checked https://bird.network.cz/?get_doc&v=16&f=bird-6.html#ss6.8 but I couldn't find which option defines the reference bandwidth. Or should I define a cost for each interface now manually, so it gives the 10 gbit/sec link a 10 times lower cost than the other 3? Kind regards, Cybertinus

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